Kimchi is popular worldwide. It is a traditional ethnic Korean staple that is made of salted and fermented vegetables. The commonly used ingredients are cabbage and radish with a variety of seasonings including chili, scallions, garlic, ginger, and fermented salted seafood. It is widely eaten as a side dish but kimchi is also used as an ingredient in a wide variety of Korean dishes. Although the most globally recognized kimchi is made from cabbage, there are actually more than 200 variations of this fermented dish and countless ways to enjoy it. Today we are demonstrating how to make the traditional kimchi. You can eat this freshly made or fermented. It can be a perfect side dish to your grilled or fried meats or seafood or, used to make your kimchi fried rice or, added to your soup to give it a kick of spice and a depth of flavor.
Ingredients:
• 6 lb Napa cabbage
• ½ cup of kosher salt
• 2 cups of radish, cut into thin strips
• 1 cup of carrot, cut into thin strips
• 7 to 8 scallions, chopped
• 1 cup of chives, chopped
• 1 cup water dropwort (minori), chopped (optional)
Porridge:
• 2 cups of water
• 2 tbsp glutinous rice flour
• 2 tbsp brown sugar
Kimchi Paste:
• 24 cloves of garlic, minced or pureed
• 2 tsp ginger, minced
• 1 medium onion, minced
• ½ cup fish sauce
• ¼ cup of fermented salted shrimp (saeujeot), chopped
• 2 cups of hot pepper flakes (gochugaru)
Instructions:
This recipe takes about 30 minutes to make. The salting process takes about 2 hours. Kimchi needs to ferment for at least a day. Makes about 8 lb of Kimchi.
To prepare the Napa cabbage for salting, slice off the tough part of the core.
Carefully split the cabbage in half, lengthwise.
Cut a small slit through the center of the core of each cabbage. This way the leaves are loose but still attached to the core.
Wash the cabbage thoroughly and place them in a basin.
Sprinkle salt on each leaf. Lift every layer as you go along but be careful not to tear off the leaves from the core.
Set the cabbage aside for 2 hours but turn the cabbage over every 30 minutes to ensure even salting. You will notice more water at the bottom of the basin every time you turn the cabbage.
After 2 hours, split the cabbage halves into 2 and wash them several times under cold running water to remove any salt particles or dirt.
Put the cabbage in a strainer to drain excess water.
To make the porridge or rice paste, continuously stir water, glutinous rice flour, and sugar in a pot over medium heat for 9 minutes.
Let this cool completely.
To make the kimchi paste, put porridge in a large mixing bowl. Add garlic, ginger, onion, fish sauce, fermented salted shrimp, and hot pepper flakes. Mix well with the wooden spoon.
Add the radish, carrots, scallions, chives, and water dropwort. Mix well.
Take your cabbage and rub kimchi paste on each cabbage leaf.
Fold or roll the cabbage into a packet and put them in a leak-proof plastic container or jar. Make sure you press to pack the kimchi well before putting the lid on.
You may eat kimchi right away or let it sit for a few days to ferment.
Ideas And Tips:
• The kimchi will start fermenting in a day or two at room temperature. Warmer temperatures hasten fermentation. Fermentation starts when the kimchi smells and tastes sour. It is recommended that you store kimchi in the refrigerator after a day or two to slow down the fermentation process. It is also recommended that you press the kimchi down with a spoon to release the bubbles at the bottom of the container and to make sure that the cabbage stays submerged in the liquid.
• If you can’t find water dropwort or minori in your area, you may skip this ingredient, but definitely not the scallions.
images – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTucCw1w6Ak
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FAQs
The process of making kimchi involves brining (salting) the vegetables to draw out the water, which helps in preservation and allows the seasonings to penetrate the food over time; the final salt concentration ranges from 2-5%. Kimchi is typically fermented by 'wild cultures' naturally present on the vegetables.
What are the ingredients of traditional kimchi? ›
What is the difference between old kimchi and new kimchi? ›
The biggest difference between fresh and fermented Kimchi is the taste. Fresh Kimchi is more like a salad, so it taste more raw, fresh and crunchy. Fermented Kimchi is softer and tangy.
What is the difference between Japanese and Korean kimchi? ›
Korean kimchi is made with Chinese cabbage, red pepper, garlic, salted fish and ginger, and then stored in clay containers to ferment for at least four weeks. (Korea Food Research Institute) However, Japanese kimchi is made with Chinese cabbage and artificial flavor, skipping the fermentation process.
How long to ferment kimchi before eating? ›
Allow 1 hour to prepare the kimchi and get it in the fermentation jar. Plus 4 hours waiting while the vegetables salt. It takes 5-10 days to ferment depending on room temperature.
What is the most important ingredient in kimchi? ›
The chilli pepper is the most important ingredient of kimchi, giving it its typical red colour and spicy taste. It contains a substance called capsaicin. Capsaicin is present in higher concentrations in the white stalk of red chilli pepper, where the seeds are attached, and prevents the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
How long should you soak cabbage for kimchi? ›
The vegetables need to soak in saltwater for at least 6 hours and preferably overnight. The kimchi can sit at room temperature for up to 2 days and is ready to eat after 2 to 3 days. For longer fermentation, refrigerate.
How healthy is kimchi? ›
As well as probiotics, kimchi contains a range of vitamins, including vitamins A, B, C, and K, and minerals like calcium, iron, phosphorus, and selenium. However, if you need to watch your sodium levels for health reasons, you should consider limiting the amount of kimchi you eat due to its high salt content.
What makes kimchi go bad? ›
Kimchi is a living probiotic food, and will continue to change as it ferments over time. Temperature and exposure to oxygen are the two factors that most greatly impact the progression of fermentation and thus the longevity of kimchi.
What vegetables to put in kimchi? ›
*The beauty of kimchi is you can use any vegetables you have on hand. They can be either fresh or on the softer side. Here are some of our favourites: nappa cabbage, carrots, green onions, cauliflower and bok choy.
Things You Should Know
If you have store-bought kimchi that's been opened, it will be good for 3-4 days at room temperature and up to 6 months when refrigerated. Signs of your kimchi going bad include mold growth, an alcoholic smell, and an extremely sour taste.
Is kimchi better than sauerkraut? ›
The nutritional value of sauerkraut, kimchi, and pickles
Sauerkraut, for example, is a rich source of vitamin C and K, as well as fiber. Kimchi, a Korean staple, contains vitamins A, B, and C, and is believed to have anti-inflammatory properties.
How often do Koreans eat kimchi? ›
Last year, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs released a meaningful report about kimchi consumption among Koreans. It found that the average Korean eats 37 kilograms of kimchi every year.
What kind of kimchi do Koreans eat? ›
The most common kimchi variations are: Baechu-kimchi (배추김치) spicy napa cabbage kimchi, made from whole cabbage leaves. Baechu-geotjeori (배추겉절이) unfermented napa cabbage kimchi. Bossam-kimchi (보쌈김치) wrapped kimchi.
How was kimchi made in ancient times? ›
Early history
The pickling of vegetables was an ideal method, prior to refrigerators, that helped to preserve the lifespan of foods. In Korea, kimchi was made during the winter by fermenting vegetables, and burying it in the ground in traditional brown ceramic pots called onggi.
What is the science behind making kimchi? ›
Kimchi is fermented by anaerobic halophilic lactic acid bacteria. During the fermentation process, lactic acid bacteria produce organic acids and bacteriocin, which suppress the growth of harmful bacteria and impart a unique flavor to kimchi [4].
Where does the bacteria come from kimchi? ›
Kimchi is a traditional Korean fermented food prepared via spontaneous fermentation by various microorganisms originating from vegetables such as kimchi cabbage, radishes, and garlic.
